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Additive GaN Solid Immersion Lenses for Enhanced Photon Extraction Efficiency from Diamond Color Centers

Xingrui Cheng Orcid Logo, Nils Kolja Wessling Orcid Logo, Saptarsi Ghosh Orcid Logo, Andrew R. Kirkpatrick, Menno J. Kappers, Yashna N. D. Lekhai, Gavin W. Morley, Rachel A. Oliver Orcid Logo, Jason M. Smith, Martin D. Dawson, Patrick S. Salter, Michael J. Strain Orcid Logo

ACS Photonics, Volume: 10, Issue: 9, Pages: 3374 - 3383

Swansea University Author: Saptarsi Ghosh Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00854

Abstract

Effective light extraction from optically active solid-state spin centers inside high-index semiconductor host crystals is an important factor in integrating these pseudo-atomic centers in wider quantum systems. Here, we report increased fluorescent light collection efficiency from laser-written nit...

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Published in: ACS Photonics
ISSN: 2330-4022 2330-4022
Published: American Chemical Society (ACS) 2023
Online Access: Check full text

URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66868
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Abstract: Effective light extraction from optically active solid-state spin centers inside high-index semiconductor host crystals is an important factor in integrating these pseudo-atomic centers in wider quantum systems. Here, we report increased fluorescent light collection efficiency from laser-written nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in bulk diamond facilitated by micro-transfer printed GaN solid immersion lenses. Both laser-writing of NV centers and transfer printing of micro-lens structures are compatible with high spatial resolution, enabling deterministic fabrication routes toward future scalable systems development. The micro-lenses are integrated in a noninvasive manner, as they are added on top of the unstructured diamond surface and bonded by van der Waals forces. For emitters at 5 μm depth, we find approximately 2× improvement of fluorescent light collection using an air objective with a numerical aperture of NA = 0.95 in good agreement with simulations. Similarly, the solid immersion lenses strongly enhance light collection when using an objective with NA = 0.5, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the NV center emission while maintaining the NV’s quantum properties after integration.
Keywords: diamond, nitrogen vacancy, additive GaN micro-optics, transfer printing, quantum systems
College: Faculty of Science and Engineering
Funders: The authors acknowledge funding from the following sources:Royal Academy of Engineering (Research Chairs and SeniorResearch Fellowships); Engineering and Physical SciencesResearch Council (EP/R03480X/1, EP/N017927/1, EP/P00945X/1, R004803/1, EP/M013243/1, EP/T001062/1,EP/V056778/1, EP/L015315/1); Innovate UK (50414);Fraunhofer Lighthouse Project QMag. NKW acknowledgesfunding of his PhD studentship by Fraunhofer UK. G. W. M issupported by the Royal Society.
Issue: 9
Start Page: 3374
End Page: 3383

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