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Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants

Rochelle Embling, Menna Price Orcid Logo, Michelle Lee Orcid Logo, Alex Jones Orcid Logo, Laura Wilkinson Orcid Logo

British Journal of Nutrition, Volume: 130, Issue: 7, Pages: 1267 - 1277

Swansea University Authors: Rochelle Embling, Menna Price Orcid Logo, Michelle Lee Orcid Logo, Alex Jones Orcid Logo, Laura Wilkinson Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1017/s0007114523000156

Abstract

‘Dietary variety’ has been identified as a factor associated with food intake. Whilst this relationship may have longer-term benefits for body weight management when eating low-energy, nutrient-dense foods, it may increase the risk of overconsumption (and body adiposity) when foods are high energy d...

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Published in: British Journal of Nutrition
ISSN: 0007-1145 1475-2662
Published: Cambridge University Press (CUP) 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62282
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Whilst this relationship may have longer-term benefits for body weight management when eating low-energy, nutrient-dense foods, it may increase the risk of overconsumption (and body adiposity) when foods are high energy density. This study sought to further explore pathways underpinning the relationship between dietary variety and body weight, by considering energy density as a moderating factor and portion size as a mediating factor in this relationship. Using prospective data from the UK Biobank, dietary variety scores, cumulative portion size, and energy density were derived from 24-hr dietary recall questionnaires at baseline and follow-up. Body mass index (BMI), whole-body fat percentage, and fat-free mass, were included as outcomes. Contrary to predictions, linear multiple regression models found some evidence of a negative, direct association between dietary variety scores and body weight outcomes at baseline (b = -.13). Though dietary variety was significantly associated with larger portions across timepoints (b = 41.86 – 82.64), a moderated mediation effect was not supported at baseline or follow-up (Index ≤ .035). Taken together, these findings provide population-level evidence to support a positive association between variety and food intake, which in turn has potential implications for body weight management, both in terms of moderating food intake and benefitting diet quality.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>British Journal of Nutrition</journal><volume>130</volume><journalNumber>7</journalNumber><paginationStart>1267</paginationStart><paginationEnd>1277</paginationEnd><publisher>Cambridge University Press (CUP)</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0007-1145</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1475-2662</issnElectronic><keywords>Dietary diversity, food variety, portion size, energy density, body weight, UK Biobank</keywords><publishedDay>14</publishedDay><publishedMonth>10</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-10-14</publishedDate><doi>10.1017/s0007114523000156</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>ESRC (Project Reference: ES/P00069X/1, Studentship 1947139).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-06-06T11:00:42.1209891</lastEdited><Created>2023-01-09T17:39:52.7910373</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Psychology</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Rochelle</firstname><surname>Embling</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Menna</firstname><surname>Price</surname><orcid>0000-0002-0025-0881</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Michelle</firstname><surname>Lee</surname><orcid>0000-0002-1291-5895</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Alex</firstname><surname>Jones</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3600-3644</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Laura</firstname><surname>Wilkinson</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8093-0843</orcid><order>5</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>62282__26437__224ce6bd78024a898c607de8a43df8ae.pdf</filename><originalFilename>62282.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2023-01-30T14:44:52.1255476</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>655553</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© The Author(s), 2023. 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spelling v2 62282 2023-01-09 Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants ebe50ef830ed9bc9aacf76cb791f898f Rochelle Embling Rochelle Embling true false e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7 0000-0002-0025-0881 Menna Price Menna Price true false 503d8657d47c066ada31f344b030c352 0000-0002-1291-5895 Michelle Lee Michelle Lee true false a24e1e2a89b0a9120fe03b481a629edd 0000-0003-3600-3644 Alex Jones Alex Jones true false 07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226 0000-0002-8093-0843 Laura Wilkinson Laura Wilkinson true false 2023-01-09 ‘Dietary variety’ has been identified as a factor associated with food intake. Whilst this relationship may have longer-term benefits for body weight management when eating low-energy, nutrient-dense foods, it may increase the risk of overconsumption (and body adiposity) when foods are high energy density. This study sought to further explore pathways underpinning the relationship between dietary variety and body weight, by considering energy density as a moderating factor and portion size as a mediating factor in this relationship. Using prospective data from the UK Biobank, dietary variety scores, cumulative portion size, and energy density were derived from 24-hr dietary recall questionnaires at baseline and follow-up. Body mass index (BMI), whole-body fat percentage, and fat-free mass, were included as outcomes. Contrary to predictions, linear multiple regression models found some evidence of a negative, direct association between dietary variety scores and body weight outcomes at baseline (b = -.13). Though dietary variety was significantly associated with larger portions across timepoints (b = 41.86 – 82.64), a moderated mediation effect was not supported at baseline or follow-up (Index ≤ .035). Taken together, these findings provide population-level evidence to support a positive association between variety and food intake, which in turn has potential implications for body weight management, both in terms of moderating food intake and benefitting diet quality. Journal Article British Journal of Nutrition 130 7 1267 1277 Cambridge University Press (CUP) 0007-1145 1475-2662 Dietary diversity, food variety, portion size, energy density, body weight, UK Biobank 14 10 2023 2023-10-14 10.1017/s0007114523000156 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) ESRC (Project Reference: ES/P00069X/1, Studentship 1947139). 2024-06-06T11:00:42.1209891 2023-01-09T17:39:52.7910373 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Rochelle Embling 1 Menna Price 0000-0002-0025-0881 2 Michelle Lee 0000-0002-1291-5895 3 Alex Jones 0000-0003-3600-3644 4 Laura Wilkinson 0000-0002-8093-0843 5 62282__26437__224ce6bd78024a898c607de8a43df8ae.pdf 62282.pdf 2023-01-30T14:44:52.1255476 Output 655553 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s), 2023. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
spellingShingle Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
Rochelle Embling
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
Alex Jones
Laura Wilkinson
title_short Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
title_full Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
title_fullStr Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
title_full_unstemmed Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
title_sort Associations between dietary variety, portion size and body weight: prospective evidence from UK Biobank participants
author_id_str_mv ebe50ef830ed9bc9aacf76cb791f898f
e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7
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07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226
author_id_fullname_str_mv ebe50ef830ed9bc9aacf76cb791f898f_***_Rochelle Embling
e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7_***_Menna Price
503d8657d47c066ada31f344b030c352_***_Michelle Lee
a24e1e2a89b0a9120fe03b481a629edd_***_Alex Jones
07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226_***_Laura Wilkinson
author Rochelle Embling
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
Alex Jones
Laura Wilkinson
author2 Rochelle Embling
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
Alex Jones
Laura Wilkinson
format Journal article
container_title British Journal of Nutrition
container_volume 130
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1267
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 0007-1145
1475-2662
doi_str_mv 10.1017/s0007114523000156
publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
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description ‘Dietary variety’ has been identified as a factor associated with food intake. Whilst this relationship may have longer-term benefits for body weight management when eating low-energy, nutrient-dense foods, it may increase the risk of overconsumption (and body adiposity) when foods are high energy density. This study sought to further explore pathways underpinning the relationship between dietary variety and body weight, by considering energy density as a moderating factor and portion size as a mediating factor in this relationship. Using prospective data from the UK Biobank, dietary variety scores, cumulative portion size, and energy density were derived from 24-hr dietary recall questionnaires at baseline and follow-up. Body mass index (BMI), whole-body fat percentage, and fat-free mass, were included as outcomes. Contrary to predictions, linear multiple regression models found some evidence of a negative, direct association between dietary variety scores and body weight outcomes at baseline (b = -.13). Though dietary variety was significantly associated with larger portions across timepoints (b = 41.86 – 82.64), a moderated mediation effect was not supported at baseline or follow-up (Index ≤ .035). Taken together, these findings provide population-level evidence to support a positive association between variety and food intake, which in turn has potential implications for body weight management, both in terms of moderating food intake and benefitting diet quality.
published_date 2023-10-14T11:00:43Z
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